Now you’ve created a good site, maybe or maybe not, with the help of the previous post. Now if you made your site online at any of the sites I mentioned, It is already published and ready for business. But if you made it using Microsoft Frontpage or Macromedia Dreamweaver, you will have to publish it online.

Using FTP with Microsoft FrontPage

Source: Acme Internet technical Support

Microsoft FrontPage supports two methods of publishing files to a web server:  HTTP POST and FTP (File Transfer Protocol).  HTTP POST is the default publishing feature in Microsoft FrontPage (using the PUBLISH button), and the preferred method for uploading your Microsoft FrontPage created web site.

However, under certain circumstances you may want to use Microsoft FrontPage to transfer a file via FTP.  You may need to use FTP for one of these reasons:

• The site you are uploading the file to does not support Microsoft FrontPage Server Extension-based publishing

• You are publishing a large file (over 1-2 megs) and are getting timeout errors publishing the file via Microsoft FrontPage publishing

To use Microsoft FrontPage to upload a web via FTP, perform the following steps:

1. Open your web in Microsoft FrontPage Explorer

2. Click FILE -> PUBLISH WEB

3. Type in the destination FTP Server name in the location box in the form of:
   ftp://ftp.yourdomain.com

4. Choose whether you wish to publish all pages, or only changed pages since your last publishing session

5. Click the PUBLISH button

6. Enter your FTP username and password when prompted

Also see the Microsoft Tutorial: Using FrontPage 2003 to Publish with FTP
http://office.microsoft.com/training/training.aspx?AssetID=RC010405101033

THE BEST HOST???

The major question is, which is the best free host? Are there any absolutely free services available?

Well fortunately the answer is yes. There are quite a many services that are free. And what’s more, there are services for free WITHOUT ANY ADVERTS too. There are so many who claim to be that way, but the best I think is ByetHost. Most sites will recommend this service only to you. It’s free and advertisement free too. It comes with FTP support and it’s own uploader. Upload your files there and your site is ready to go.

In next webmasters post, we would be telling you about Widgets and where you can find them.

The study of nanotechnology is concerned with study of material or “manufacturing and controlling matter” at nano-scale; meaning about 200 nanometer (nm) scale which is 1/1,000,000,000 times 1 metre or generally represented as 10^-9 m. It basically considers the manipulation of materials at atomic and molecular level. It concerns itself on how will a material at such a small scale react, what will be its properties, what can it be used for and how can it be produced or manufactured for the use by humans (which ultimately is the cause for almost any science).

To speak of the process itself, it is very complex and technical and I will not go into the details of it. For our understanding it is crucial to note that this field is still in its infancy. Meaning, it is still under its initial development and a lot of work is being done in almost all parts of the world simultaneously. What might be the applications of such a field? Most applications are limited to the “first generation” applications where only passive nano materials are used and not actually modified ones. Such applications include, titanium dioxide in sunscreens, cosmetics and food materials, silver in food packing, disinfectants, zinc oxide in paints, varnishes and many other such applications have been found and are being commercialized.

As mentioned, Nanotech is still under development and hence, applications requiring very precise and large scale manipulations of materials at nano-scale are still under research. One of the most widely known substance that is under research is Carbon nanotubes. These are microscopic tubes made by specific arrangements of carbon atoms and have incredible strength, special electrical thermal properties. It is about 300 times stronger than steel BUT they are not yet developed at macro levels. At macro level, this might not hold true, but since these nanotubes are very light, they can be woven together into ropes and cables can be formed that will be very light and very strong. But, till now they have not been developed at macro scale. These can be used in solar cells, as electrodes in circuits or in paper batteries and in structural materials in sports gear, jets and the ever popular Space Elevator.

Carbon nanotube. Source : wikipedia

Second most important outcome that is desired is in the drug delivery system. Since this technology deals with controlling the material at the most fundamental level it will be really handy in controlling them so that they supply drugs to specific areas on the body and cells. In this wake nanobots or nano robots are in the making. These are the most unnerving and yet exciting concept in the nanotech. The implications of such a technology will be huge both in terms of constructive and destructive use. Some of the very first nanobots being made from the bacteria by modifying their DNA to perform some specific functions. Actual mechanical part-building has not yet been completely developed. Only small structures like pulley, lever and other small structures have been developed. On September 29, 1989 he demonstrated the ability to manipulate individual atoms with atomic-scale precision, and went on to write I-B-M with individual Xenon atoms which gave the boost to nanotech research. Future speculations include autonomous swarm of nano robotic “doctors” which will maintain the health of an individual by specifically targeting the diseased parts.

However, caution must be practiced while we develop these technology. It is widely known how Madam Curie, who discovered radioactivity and even won the Nobel Prize, died of radiation poisoning. The risks involved in this new branch are substantial and subtle. The implications are not very clear on the face of it, but can always be inferred by the mishaps that happen in the industry. The first death where nano-technology was a major cause was reported in a poorly ventilated Chinese factory where a spray paint containing nano particles was used. Over a long period of exposure, two women died due to damaged lung and failed respiratory mechanism and 5 others were hospitalized. A new study shows that nano particles can affect the cells not only directly, the nano particles can also mess with DNA on the far side of a cellular barrier, by creating signaling molecules. Of course, these can be exploited in a constructive way, but precautions have to be taken to make sure that these particles do not affect people just because necessary precautions were not taken to protect those who may be working in such environment. It is needless to say that we need to cultivate cautious approach in our further research

I had posted an article regarding Reva company unveiling their new remote recharge technology last month along with a couple of new models of their electric cars. Here is a follow up of the news.

On September 16th REVA NXR (NeXt Reva), a new lithium-ion powered electric car, which is scheduled to go into production early 2010 which is the company’s 2011 model. REVA NXR is an M1 category three-door, four-seater hatchback family car with a top speed is 104 kph (65 mph) and a range of 160 kms (100 miles) per charge. Using the 90 minute fast charge (normal charging is eight hours), the REVA NXR offers an effective range of 320km a day. The REVA NXG is also M1 category but with two-door, two-seater car with a targa top with a range of 200km (125 miles) per charge and a top speed of 130 kph (80 miles per hour) and using the fast charge, it has an effective range of 400 kms (250 miles) a day. It was styled by Dilip Chhabria.

Both vehicles have keyless entry and operation, dual charge ports, intelligent digital display and a range of telematics including REVA’s exclusive REVive remote emergency charge. REVive addresses ‘range anxiety’ where a customer low on charge can telephone or SMS REVA’s customer support center. The advanced telematics feature will assess the car’s batteries remotely and activate a reserve amount of energy while protecting the battery life. Within minutes, a few extra kilometers of range are made available and the driver can continue home or to a place where the NXR can be charged. Meaning, as predicted, it will not be charging wirelessly, it will only be routing a backup power supply using a remote trigger so that no one will be stranded in a remote place when the battery dies. This also helps in avoiding the complete draining of batteries which might cut the battery life.

All in all, not worth all the hype

When ever you are browsing the internet, you come across some forums that only allow you to access information if you sign up to their forum. Even though you just want one document off their database, you will have to register and endure their “weekly” or “daily” updates (read spam). For this irritating problem, there is one simple solution, Disposable Email or Temporary Email address.

How does it work?

Its easy, you enter your email ID and choose the time for which you require this service (say 1 hour). Now you give the secondary generated email ID to which ever site you are trying to register. All the mails coming to that address will be re-directed to your original email ID. That much time will be enough for email verification and then after 1 hour, the generated email ID will we gone thereby protecting you from any further onslaught of emails. The chatter on web suggests that this is a legit site which will not sell your ID to spammers, also there is not much info to sell anyway (considering people sign up to unknown forums all the time)

There are tons of sites which will provide this service. Spambox is one such service where you will not need to register to get the service. Also, it has a Mozilla Firefox addon that is highly convenient and easy to use. And of course, it is free of charge. I mean, thats what our ultimate aim is on this blog to make sure the readers get the good stuff for free . There are many other such services on the web that you guys can try out. There is GuerrillaMail which is very widely used across the world. Then there is Mail expire which will do the same thing as the other two.

Then there is Mailinator which is very different and might be attractive to many. Here you dont have to disclose anything, not even your mail ID. All you need to do is just think on a unique mail ID (say cognoscis) and when any forum asks for your email for verification just type “cognoscis@mailinator.com”. To check your mails, just go to Mailinator and type in “cognoscis@mailinator.com” in the left hand side field saying “Check your inbox” and press ok. You will be directed to your inbox where your mails can be read. The drawback of this is that anyone can read your mails. Hence, use it ONLY for email verifications and not in places where your personal info is available.

You can google for many other such sites. Spams cannot be cut out 100 %. All we can do is keep them at bay by using such techniques and being careful.

Note : Suggestions are welcome and please report broken links

Many times in a bookstore, you think, “Alas! If only I had money to buy all those goody- goody books”. But never fear my dear, for Abhijit is here with yet another “Top sites” post. Now I cover the top websites to get your favourite books online in form of e-books for free.

Read Print- An awesome site with over 8,000 books by 3,500 authors like Agatha Christie, Julius Ceaser (Yes the same famous Julius Ceaser. I didn’t know he was an author too), Edgar Rice Burroughs, Karl Marx, O Henry, Robert Frost, William Shakespeare and many more. The site is simply awesome. It has quotes and books both available free for reading online. I never knew a better legal ebook site.

Manybooks.net – Browse through books by Authors, Titles, Categories and Languages and download them in multiple formats.

Classic Reader- A site containing most (infact ALL I could think of) English Classics as E-books. Books available only to read online.

Scribd- A site where users upload their documents of all types. They could be e-books, Reviews, Recipes, etc. Most books are downloadable in PDF format. Some are available to buy too. Note that the uploader may have no rights to upload the book. You can read online conveniently in full screen too.

Esnips- A website where people upload Graphics, Music, Videos and documents too. You can find most popular titles here. Search for it and search will categorize into different types. Here also, uploader may not have the rights to distribute it. Esnips Mobile is also available.

So, have fun reading mates.

You can create a completely invisible folder (not a hidden folder). COMPLETELY INVISIBLE. So invisible that if you don’t know where it is, you will never be able to find it (If you don’t make the mistake of putting it between two folders).

Follow these steps:

Go onto your desktop

Right click->Create a new folder->Rename it as:

ALT + 0160 (i.e. pressing the ALT key type 0160 from your NUMBER PAD)

The name of folder NOW would seem a space. Now press enter & then right click-> Properties->customize->change icon->next look for a blank icon and select it. Look Carefully.

DONE!!! You have successfully created an invisible folder. No one can find it (because it is not hidden) if they don’t know exactly where it is.

Note: Don’t use this to hide sensitive information. I found some hitches in it. If somebody arranges icons by name on your PC, people will see emptiness at the first slot. If you are using thumbnails view, they will see a grey empty box where the folder is. And if you refresh the location, you see the folder flashing for a few miliseconds. ONLY USE THIS FOR FUN.

With so many E-mail clients these days, it gets confusing. Afterall, which one is the best? I did a little research. There are mainly 3 competitors: GMail, Windows Live Mail (Popularly known as Hotmail) and Yahoo! Mail. Each one has it’s own positives and negatives. Let’s take a look:

1. All 3 provide easy email domain name options. But with Cool Hotmail (A Part of Windows Live Mail), you can get a cool email domain name like DelhiRocks.com, ClubSachin.com, IAmAFreeBird.com, ILoveSoccer.in, Clickass.in and LOADS more. And Windows Live provides simple options like Live.com too.

Windows Live Mail wins Round One.

2. GMail and Yahoo! have their built-in-mail messengers. But with Yahoo!, if you are signed into Yahoo! Messenger, and you open your Yahoo! Mail Beta, you get signed out of your Messenger with a message “You have been signed out becuase you signed in on a different computer or device” which is clearly a bug. Though it may be due to security reasons, it is REALLY irritating. No such problem in GMail. No built-in-mail messenger in Windows Live Mail. You will have to download it.

GMail wins Round Two.

3. The Customizablity: All three have different colours and themes. Hotmail has the best themes, but they can make your mail loading slow.  GMail has various Google Gadgets you can put into your GMail sidebar. But in Windows Live, you can add people in your network and see their updates on your mail home page (which you can also disable). The page is complete with news and birthday reminders of people in your network. So no need for a social networking site.  And, I don’t think anybody has storage problems with any e-mail agent. There is better folder organisation in Windows Live. Though there are labels in GMail so that you assign multiple folder-types to a mail. You can surf GMail offline (input by Cognoscis).

Windows Live and Gmail are very close.

FINAL VERDICT: Gmail is really great. You can keep it simple or you can spice it up. It has built-in-mail messenger too. If you have Broadband, Windows Live Mail is amazing. It wins in Customizability and E-Mail Domain Name. Choose any of them or even choose both. Either way, Yahoo! Mail sucks. Yahoo! Mail doesn’t even have a decent spam guard. I win lotteries every day. Sigh!

Firefox is one of the most popular browser next only to Internet Explorer. It recently hit the one billion download mark since its release in 2004. Here I list a few addons that will help you to make your browsing experience much much better with firefox. All of the following are supported by current version of firefox

FEBE (Firefox Environment Backup Extension)

FEBE allows you to quickly and easily backup your Firefox extensions. In fact, it goes beyond just backing up — It will actually rebuild your extensions individually into installable .xpi files. Now you can easily synchronize your office and home browsers. FEBE backs up your extensions, themes, bookmarks, preferences, passwords, cookies and just about everything else Firefox offers (it can even backup/restore your entire profile). You can selectively restore only the items you need. For instance, you may just want your bookmarks restored and leave everything else as it was.

All-in-One Sidebar (AiOS)

AiOS is an award-winning sidebar control, inspired by Opera’s. It lets you quickly switch between sidebar panels, view dialog windows such as downloads, extensions, and more in the sidebar, or view source or websites in the sidebar. You can set the orientation to left or right, set the minimum, default and maximum width and the behavior on browser startup. Furthermore AiOS provides enhancements for many built-in features. AiOS includes a slide-out button and a toolbar, all of which can be extensively customized. Enjoy a clear browser window, more toolbar space and much more

Tab Mix Plus

This is a must have addon to manage all the tabs that you open while browsing. Using this addon, you can tweak various settings such as the tab focus when you click on external link, where the tab must open, multiple rows of tabs so that you can still read what is written on the tab. You can set the browser to open all links in new tabs preventing any new firefox window opening when you click on a link. It also remembers the recently closed tabs so that you can quickly open them. It has many more options to play with. Very powerful addon to handle everything related to your tabs

Google Preview

Inserts preview images (thumbnails) and popularity ranks of web sites into the Google and Yahoo search results pages. The GooglePreview thumbnail system currently consists of 9 dedicated servers and generates over 15 TB of traffic per month. For a very few search terms, this version will insert sponsored links into the google.de and google.com search results (labeled as ‘GooglePreview Sponsored Links’). If you don’t like the sponsored links, you can disable them in the GooglePreview options dialog.

Googlepedia

Shows you a relevant Wikipedia article along with your search results. Clicking links in the article will trigger new Google searches, making it a very useful research tool.

Personal Menu

Personal Menu will strip down the complete menu bar and convert it into a tiny icon similar to “tinymenu”. Then later, you can choose what all options you want in that menu that will be created. When Menus Toolbar is hidden, although you may add “Bookmarks” and “History” inside Menu Button, it become inconvenient to access them. Therefore, here are also “Bookmarks Button” and “History Button”. You may also set what happens after you middle / right-click on them, like open Bookmarks Sidebar after middle-clicking Bookmarks Button, and Undo Close Tab after right-clicking History Button. This is highly customizable and very handy

DownThemAll

Downthemall is a very important addon for those who download a lot (Which is everybody ). It lets you download almost all the media on any page without any hassle. It is versatile and lets you set filters and spider the website and list all the downloadable media on the page. Increases your download speed and lets you organize your downloads in a better way. Very handy and must have.

TwitterFox

If you tweet, then this is for you. The extension adds a tiny icon on the status bar that notifies you when your friends update their status. Also it has a small text input field to update your status. Lets you to shorten urls while sharing and enhances your tweeting experience.

StumbleUpon

Lets you access all your StumbleUpon settings and pages from the StumbleUpon bar. A good way to surf for the popular sites which are making a buzz. Install this and keep stumbling with just a click and organize your favourite sites in a better way and share them with your friends

FoxyTunes

FoxyTune adds an interface in your status bar with which you can control almost any media player. Start, play, pause,  stop, skip and change media from within Firefox. find lyrics, covers, videos, bios and much more with a click right from your browser. This supports WinAmp, iTunes, Yahoo Music Engine, Pandora, foobar2000, Windows Media Player, Xbox Media Center, Musicmatch, Quintessential, J. River, jetAudio, XMPlay, MediaMonkey, Media Player Classic, Sonique, wxMusik, Real Player, XMMS, Noatun, Juk, Amarok, Music Player Daemon, Rhythmbox and many other players. Really handy

For better GUI

FoxTab

FoxTab is a 3D tabbed browsing extension with attractive layouts while flipping through tabs. There are 6 cool layouts to choose from and makes your tab switching really fun and attractive. If you are the one who opens a lot of tabs, then you can switch between them very conveniently.

Cooliris

Cool iris is a 3D addon that lets you browse videos and images in a stunning 3D format. It provides amazing interface in the form of a 3D wall that has infinite videos and images that you can scroll through. The 3D Wall will speed up search on Google Images, YouTube, Flickr, and more. Not only that, it lets you browse through the images stored on your hard drive also. It provides a truly amazing 3D experience when using the slide show to view the images on your computer.

Personas

Personas are free, easy-to-install “skins” for Firefox that make changing the look of the browser as easy as changing your shirt. With Personas, you can individualize your browser with hundreds of artist-created designs. But the best part is that you can create your own design on the addon page and then use it on your browser. Sets your browser apart from others

There are other cool addons but are not compatible with the current version of Firefox. Will update them as soon as they are fixed. Please report and broken link through comments

Okay, pretty soon windows 7 will be out I hope it will be better than Vista, but I will not let go of XP as yet. Its very stable and a lot of apps are compatible and so are a lot of games. Really I find no reason to upgrade to higher “glossier” versions when I can apply themes to do that by my self. Anyway, in this post I include applications that I find really helpful and which are freely available. Hope you find them useful too

1. Web Browser

The first place to start is to get a good browser. I personally prefer Firefox as it is fast and has many many useful add-ons. You can download it for free here. There are thousands of ways to customize your browser and the cool add-ons will help you do that. You can download add-ons here. Apart from Firefox, there is Google’s Chrome which is very sleek and fast and available for free download here. Though there not many add-ons, you can expect them in the near future. Opera is also a very good browser that can be downloaded for free here.

2. Antivirus

This is the most essential thing for your computer. Personally i recommend Avira Antivir which is free and has a very good and provides excellent protection from virus, worms, trojans, backdoor programs, etc. Regular updates will keep your system protected from the threats. Download it here

AVG Anti-virus Free Edition would be my next recommendation. Although I have personally found Avira to perform better than AVG, but still AVG also is very good compared to other solutions on the net. Free download from here

3. Text editor

Of course there is notepad to edit your text, but I find it not up to the par. notepad++ is not just text editor, it can be used for syntax highlight for C, C++, Java, HTML, XML, VHDL, pascal, pearl, lisp, CSS, ADA, Python, MATLAB, Verilog and many more. It has tabbed view allowing to open multiple documents in the same window and also has multi-language support, drag and drop and macro recording and playbacking. It can be downloaded for free from here

4. Media Player

Time to watch movies. Ideally, VideoLAN VLC media player is the one that can play almost all the formats. I recommend you download it from here. It can also be used as a media converter or a server to stream in unicast or multicast in IPv4 or IPv6 on networks. Basically you can listen to internet radio using this and view podcasts from various streaming sites.

Another very powerful tool is Media Player Classic along with its CODEC pack. Download the K-lite codec pack from here which of course is free. While installing it select the options “lots of stuff with player” to install all the CODECs and Media Player Classic. This will be able to play 99% of the movies available online including flash, .mkv (MP4 or H264) and many more. The same site lists a lot of CODECs that can be used in case you come across any format not supported by MPC.

5. MP3 Player

Although the above mentioned media players can play all the audio formats, I use winamp to play my MP3 songs. I find winamp to be the best in terms of handling my media library and creating playlists. It also has auto-generated playlists that I find really useful. Its interface is also very user friendly and it has a lot of skins which can be downloded from their website. download winamp here. Choose the free version which includes all the features that you will ever require

6. File and folder compression

7-zip is your best choice for compressing files and folder. It supports unpacking of ARJ, CAB, CHM, CPIO, DEB, DMG, HFS, ISO, LZH, LZMA, MSI, NSIS, RAR, RPM, UDF, WIM, XAR and Z formats and can compress your files and folders to 7z, ZIP, GZIP, BZIP2 and TAR format. This free app can be downloaded here

To compress your files and folder to RAR format, you can use winRAR. This is not a free application and hence you will need to buy it. winRAR also is very powerful and supports almost all the formats mentioned above. Even though it is not free, still it can be used along with the minor inconvenience of a pop up screen every time you run it. You can get winRAR here

7. Download Manager

This will let you download at higher speeds than your browser and will help you organize your downloads properly. Orbit download manager is a free app that will let you download streams from popular site such as youtube and also has pause and resume option. This is a stand alone app that can be found here

Firefox users can get an extension called Downthemall from here which will pretty much do the same thing as orbit.

8. CCleaner

CCleaner is a free system optimization, privacy and cleaning tool. It removes unused files from your system – allowing Windows to run faster and freeing up valuable hard disk space. It also cleans traces of your online activities such as your Internet history. Additionally it contains a fully featured registry cleaner. Download it from here.

9. PDF reader

Apart from the adobe reader, you can use Foxit PDF reader. Foxit Reader is a free PDF document viewer, with incredible small size, breezing-fast launch speed and rich feature set. Foxit Reader allows you to draw graphics, highlight text, type text and make notes on a PDF document and then print out or save the annotated document. Download the free version here.

10. Torrent client

For all your movies, games, apps, songs downloads use torrents. µTorrent is the world’s most popular BitTorrent client. Most of the features present in other BitTorrent clients are present in µTorrent, including bandwidth prioritization, scheduling, RSS auto-downloading and Mainline DHT (compatible with BitComet). Additionally, µTorrent supports the Protocol Encryption joint specification (compatible with Azureus 2.4.0.0 and above, BitComet 0.63 and above) and peer exchange. Schedule and queue your downloads or limit their speed so that you can browse while they download. Download it for free from here. There are many popular torrent sites such as isohunt.com or thepiratebay.com where you can search for torrents

11. Search engines

Google desktop search is a free app from google that allows you to search for any file on your system. Not only file names, but also the content itself. Very useful and much better and much FASTER than the windows search. It also comes with a side bar which I dont like much. Anyway, you can use it if you like or disable it. Download it from here

Launchy is a very useful lite app that basically searches your program menu. Highly useful to launch any application quickly from the cluttered programs menu. Get it for free here. Use the .exe file for windows XP.

12. image editor

Picasa is a free and powerful app to edit and manage your images and share them on the web. It lets you manage all your photos from a single place and allows you to eliminate scratches & blemishes, fix red-eye, crop and more. Turn photos into movies, collages, slideshows and more and share them by uploading them on the web with the picasa web albums. Download picasa from here

13. Dictionary

WordWeb is a one-click English thesaurus and dictionary for Windows that can look up words in almost ANY program. It works off-line, but can also look up words in web references such as the Wikipedia encyclopedia. A really helpful and must have app. Get the free version here

Note: Please comment for any help and suggestion. Please report any broken links and it will be fixed

One of the most hot topics in Science-Fiction is Robots going bad and taking over the world. Countless times it has been made into books, movies, sitcoms, cartoons and articles. Today’s advancements in terms of Artificial Intelligence does provide a fair chance of the fiction turning into reality. If on one side there are robots being built that resemble humans, on the other side robots are being programmed to do jobs as simple as opening doors to finding power outlets to recharge themselves or giving them night vision or arming them so that they can drop bombs on enemy territories. All these are definitely still under complete human control. But, the kind of research that is going on in the field of AI is quite fascinating and unnerving. Complex algorithms to simulate human traits are being developed and the ultimate goal of making a robot autonomous in true sense seems quite conceivable. Research is also going on to place a chip in the human body so as to control the environment. It works by using the RFID signal from the chip and the environment responds in the programmed way when the signal is encountered. It may be automatically opening the door when you approach it or switching on the lights when you walk into a room and so on. Then there are the brain waves that can be used to signal a machine to do what you are thinking.

Movie : Terminator 3

There always has been apprehension associated with anything new. Possibilities where human brain being targeted using the above technology in reverse is not only possible, but also being predicted by researchers. A time when a machine that can simulate human traits gains full autonomy, what it might do will be very hard to predict. A killer robot on the loose is always man’s greatest fear since we have spent millions to make it invincible in the first place.  Recently, a group of leading computer scientists, artificial intelligence researchers and roboticists met at the Asilomar Conference Grounds on Monterey Bay in California to discuss this issue. They were of general opinion that highly centralized superintelligences and the idea that intelligence might spring spontaneously from the Internet is absurd as of now. But, they agreed that robots that can kill autonomously are either already here or will be soon.

The recent feat in genetics where a group of scientists programmed E. coli to solve a complex mathematical problem is yet another proof that we can never really draw a boundary while assessing threats from our own inventions. There are wide number of issues that need to be considered here. Advancements in robotics, though a boon, will definitely result in unemployment which has always been the premier concerns of common man. Self-driving cars, service robots replacing daily wage workers and nannies, Personal Assistant programs that would prove to be very efficient than humans will replace them. Other concerns would be the fact that criminals will use the technology as they have used every other technology in the past. Viruses are yet another concern when highly powerful systems are made. Worms and Trojans of today are much more powerful and the programmers have access to immense amount of resources to make these worms even deadlier. As we move ahead in terms of technology, we must also make sure that we do not loose our morality. Advancement in any filed must always be driven by needs and guided by ethics that are globally accepted and approved. Man has always been attracted to destruction, but we must not turn blind eyes on the ramifications of our actions in the near future.